Thoracic Upper Limb Veins: The thoracic and upper limb veins include the subclavian, axillary, brachial, cephalic, and basilic veins, which return blood from the arms and upper chest to the heart via the superior vena cava.
Head and Neck Veins: Major veins of the head and neck include the internal and external jugular veins, which drain blood from the brain, face, and neck into the subclavian and brachiocephalic veins.
Lower Limb Veins Anterior Posterior: The lower limb has anterior and posterior venous pathways, including superficial veins like the great and small saphenous veins, and deep veins like the femoral and popliteal veins.
FlowChart Veins into VenaCava: This flowchart maps venous drainage from body regions into the superior and inferior vena cavae, the major veins returning blood to the right atrium.
Major Systematic Veins: Major systemic veins include the superior and inferior vena cava, jugular veins, subclavian veins, and iliac veins, all channeling deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Large Medium Vein Venule: Venous return involves small venules merging into medium and large veins; these vessels have thinner walls than arteries and contain valves to prevent backflow.
