Thoracic Abdominal Veins: These veins include the superior and inferior vena cava, azygos system, and hepatic veins, which return deoxygenated blood from the thorax and abdomen to the heart.
Muscular and Elastic Artery Arteriole: Elastic arteries (like the aorta) buffer pressure from the heart, muscular arteries distribute blood to organs, and arterioles regulate blood flow into capillary beds via vasoconstriction and vasodilation.
Comparison of Artery and Vein: Arteries have thick, muscular walls to handle high pressure and carry blood away from the heart, while veins have thinner walls, valves, and carry blood back to the heart under lower pressure.
