Renal physiology. Each nephron begins with a filtration component that filters the blood entering the kidney. This filtrate then flows along the length of the nephron, which is a tubular structure lined by a single layer of specialized cells and surrounded by capillaries. The major functions of these lining cells are the reabsorption…
Renal system, in humans, organ system that includes the kidneys, where urine is produced, and the ureters, bladder, and urethra for the passage, storage, and voiding of urine. Diagram showing the location of the kidneys in the abdominal cavity and their attachment to major arteries and veins.Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Urinary System Physiology Maintenance of Homeostasis. The kidneys maintain the homeostasis of several important internal conditions by controlling the excretion of substances out of the body. Ions. The kidney can control the excretion of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and chloride ions into urine.