Taste buds are located on tiny round bumps called papillae at the back of the tongue. Swollen taste buds may accompany a swollen tongue or result from irritation of the taste buds themselves.
Picture 1 : Which part of the tongue perceives what. There are different kinds of taste. Primary ones are sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami. Other kinds of taste are combinations of these. The tip of the tongue is responsible for sweet and salty flavors of food.
Most of your taste buds cannot be seen with the naked eye. What you are seeing that appear to be the taste buds are taste papillae, which are small buds that contain sensory nerve cells responsible for the sense of taste. There are three types of papillae: fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate.