The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. Within the thymus, T cells mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts specifically to foreign invaders.

Thymus Gland. The thymus gland, despite containing glandular tissue and producing several hormones, is much more closely associated with the immune system than with the endocrine system.

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The thymus is a lymphoid gland comprised of two identically sized lobes, located behind the sternum (breastbone) but in front of the heart.

1  The thymus gland is very active from before birth until puberty, and it functions as both a lymphatic organ and an endocrine organ (an organ of the endocrine system that produces hormones). In order to understand the role the thymus gland plays in immunity, it’s helpful to first distinguish between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

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The thymus is a lymphoid gland comprised of two identically sized lobes, located behind the sternum (breastbone) but in front of the heart. It derives its name from a resemblance it bears to the bud of the thyme plant (thymus in Latin).

The thymus is in a part of the chest known as the mediastinum, the space in the chest between the lungs that also contains the heart, part of the aorta, the esophagus (the tube that connects the throat to the stomach), part of the trachea (windpipe), and many lymph nodes.

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Other health conditions can cause the same symptoms as thymus cancer. The signs and symptoms of thymus cancer include: a cough that doesn’t go away. chest pain. difficulty breathing (also called shortness of breath) a hoarse voice. loss of appetite.

The thymus serves a vital role in the training and development of T-lymphocytes or T cells, an extremely important type of white blood cell. T cells defend the body from potentially deadly pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

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1  The thymus gland is very active from before birth until puberty, and it functions as both a lymphatic organ and an endocrine organ (an organ of the endocrine system that produces hormones). In order to understand the role the thymus gland plays in immunity, it’s helpful to first distinguish between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

The T cell’s cytotoxicity comes from the cytokines it produces. Despite the thymus’ essential role in immune health, the thymus gland is not active during our entire lifetime. In fact, it is only active until puberty and becomes non-functional in adulthood.

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Cells in the thymus gland (such as epithelial cells) also have receptors through which other hormones can regulate its function. The mature T cells derived have a few major roles. T cells are part of the adaptive immune system, in which each T cell has been trained to recognize a particular antigen.

The function of the thymus is to receive immature T cells that are produced in the red bone marrow and train them into functional, mature T cells that attack only foreign cells. T cells first reside within the cortex of the thymus where they come in contact with epithelial cells presenting various antigens.

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